生質含量 70% 就會自然分解嗎？

第2部分

Does 70% Biobased Content Mean It Will Decompose Naturally?

PART 2

材料性能與環境宣稱，必須分開驗證

Material Performance and Environmental Claims Must Be Verified Separately

圖 5｜GTE‑8075 技術資料頁列有硬度、流動性、密度、拉伸、伸長與撕裂等性能。資料來源：峰暉塑膠提供之簡報。

Figure 5 | The GTE-8075 technical data page lists hardness, flow, density, tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, and other properties. Source: presentation provided by Found Fair Plastic.

依簡報技術資料，GTE‑8075 為粒狀、半透明材料，列示 Shore A 75、熔融指數 4.7 g/10 min（ASTM D1238，2.16 kg、190°C）、密度約 0.90–0.93，以及拉伸、伸長與撕裂等數據。這些資訊用於初步評估加工與機械性能，與生質來源證明屬於不同證據鏈。

According to the presentation's technical data, GTE-8075 is a translucent pelletized material with a listed hardness of Shore A 75, a melt flow index of 4.7 g/10 min (ASTM D1238, 2.16 kg, 190°C), a density of approximately 0.90-0.93, and data for tensile strength, elongation, and tear strength. This information supports a preliminary assessment of processing and mechanical performance and belongs to a different evidence chain from proof of biobased origin.

圖 6｜簡報以發泡試樣展示一般 EVA 與生質基 TPE 的回彈比較概念；正式選材仍應以標準化試驗及完整條件為準。

Figure 6 | The presentation uses foamed samples to illustrate a conceptual rebound comparison between conventional EVA and biobased TPE. Formal material selection should still be based on standardized tests and complete test conditions.

簡報也展示一般 EVA 發泡與生質基 TPE 的回彈比較。對鞋材、緩衝材或運動用品而言，回彈、壓縮永久變形、撕裂、密度、收縮與熱老化會直接影響成品；但即使性能優異且生質碳含量高，也不能因此延伸出可生物降解或可堆肥宣稱。

The presentation also compares the rebound of conventional EVA foam with that of biobased TPE. For footwear, cushioning materials, or sporting goods, rebound, compression set, tear strength, density, shrinkage, and heat aging directly affect the finished product. Even excellent performance and high biobased carbon content, however, do not justify extending the claim to biodegradability or compostability.

研發端建議的「雙軌驗證」

Recommended "Two-Track Verification" for R&D

· 來源軌：以 ASTM D6866／ISO 16620‑2 驗證生質碳；必要時另做生質質量含量與供應鏈追溯。

Origin track: Verify biobased carbon using ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2; when necessary, also assess biobased mass content and supply-chain traceability.

· 性能軌：依最終用途驗證發泡倍率、密度、回彈、壓縮永久變形、熱收縮、耐水解與老化。

Performance track: Verify expansion ratio, density, rebound, compression set, thermal shrinkage, hydrolysis resistance, and aging according to the final application.

· 終端軌：只有在目標市場與處理情境明確時，才選擇相符的可分解／可堆肥標準。

End-of-life track: Select an applicable degradation or compostability standard only after the target market and treatment scenario have been defined.

品牌與採購如何選對檢測？一張表完成決策

How Should Brands and Procurement Teams Choose the Right Test? Make the Decision with One Table

可直接採用的合規型文案

Compliance-Oriented Wording That Can Be Used Directly

較精確：『依送測樣品與報告，GTE‑8075 的生質碳含量為 69.4%，並於簡報展示 USDA Certified Biobased Product 70% 標示；生質含量不代表可生物降解性。』

More precise: "According to the tested sample and report, GTE-8075 has a biobased carbon content of 69.4%, and the presentation displays a USDA Certified Biobased Product label stating 70%. Biobased content does not indicate biodegradability."

應避免：『70% 植物製成，所以丟棄後會自然分解』『使用生質材料等於零碳』『經碳‑14檢測，因此可堆肥』。這些說法把來源、重量、碳足跡與終端行為混為一談。

Avoid: "Made from 70% plants, so it will decompose naturally after disposal," "Using biobased material means zero carbon," or "Carbon-14 tested, therefore compostable." These statements conflate origin, weight, carbon footprint, and end-of-life behavior.

結語：把「綠色材料」變成可驗證的工程語言

Conclusion: Turn "Green Materials" into Verifiable Engineering Language

真正專業的永續材料溝通，不是堆疊環保形容詞，而是逐一回答：原料碳從哪裡來？用什麼方法量測？產品在什麼條件下會如何結束生命？生質碳可以降低對化石原料的依賴，但可分解性必須另行測試，實際減碳效益也必須回到 LCA。當研發、採購與品牌共用同一套證據邏輯，才不會讓一個正確的 70% 數字，變成錯誤的環境承諾。

Professional communication about sustainable materials is not a matter of stacking environmental adjectives. It means answering each question in turn: Where does the raw-material carbon come from? How is it measured? Under what conditions will the product reach the end of its life, and what will happen then? Biobased carbon can reduce dependence on fossil feedstocks, but degradability must be tested separately, and actual emissions-reduction benefits must be assessed through LCA. Only when R&D, procurement, and brand teams use the same evidence framework can a correct 70% figure avoid becoming an incorrect environmental promise.

參考標準與資料

Reference Standards and Sources

1. ASTM International. ASTM D6866‑24, Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis. https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html

2. ISO. ISO 16620‑2:2019, Plastics — Biobased content — Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content. https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html

3. USDA BioPreferred Program. ASTM D6866 與 Certified Biobased Product Label 說明。https://www.biopreferred.gov/BPResources/files/Article_071119.pdf

3. USDA BioPreferred Program. Explanation of ASTM D6866 and the Certified Biobased Product Label. https://www.biopreferred.gov/BPResources/files/Article_071119.pdf

4. ISO. ISO 16620‑4:2016, Plastics — Biobased content — Part 4: Determination of biobased mass content.

5. European Committee for Standardization. EN 13432；ASTM International. ASTM D6400；ISO. ISO 17088（可堆肥塑膠規範，依市場與產品類型選用）。

5. European Committee for Standardization. EN 13432; ASTM International. ASTM D6400; ISO. ISO 17088 (compostable-plastics standards selected according to market and product type).

6. 峰暉塑膠工業股份有限公司提供，《生質材料》簡報：GTE‑8075 生質碳、USDA 標示、技術資料與回彈示意（本文案例來源）。

6. Found Fair Plastic Industrial Co., Ltd., Biobased Materials presentation: GTE-8075 biobased carbon, USDA labeling, technical data, and rebound illustration (source of the case study in this article).

編輯註記

Editorial Note

本文為材料技術與環境宣稱之一般性說明，不取代第三方證書、法規意見或特定產品合規判定。認證狀態、標示規則與標準版本可能更新；正式上市與對外宣稱前，應核對最新證書、測試報告及銷售地規範。

This article provides general information about material technology and environmental claims. It does not replace third-party certificates, regulatory advice, or a compliance determination for a specific product. Certification status, labeling rules, and standard editions may change; the latest certificates, test reports, and requirements in the market of sale should be verified before commercial launch or external claims are made.

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